Sole Proprietorship

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What is a Sole Proprietorship? It’s Meaning

A sole proprietorship firm is a business entity that is owned, managed and controlled by one person. Proprietorship firms are very easy to start and have very minimal regulatory/statutory compliance. This form of entity is preferred by the majority of small and medium businesses. It simply allows starting a business even with a small amount of capital and within a very short span of time.

A Sole Proprietorship firm can be easily established by getting a statutory registration based on the nature of the business and there is NO specific registration required for the ‘Proprietorship firm’ itself.

Statutory registrations like – GST Registration or Professional Tax Registration or a Shops and Establishments License (in the name of the firm) will be sufficient to open a current bank account to get started with the Proprietorship Business.

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Characteristics or Features of a Sole Proprietorship Business Firm

One Man Show

Sole Proprietorship form of a business entity requires only one person and it is completely a One-Man Show. The business is fully owned and operated by a single person.

 

Ease of Starting or Winding

Due to the complete involvement and operation by one single person, and the required legal compliances being minimum, it is much easier to start and dissolve or wind up the firm.

 

Separate PAN not required

PAN (Permanent Account Number) issued by the Income Tax department, to the proprietor is enough to get started. No separate PAN in the name of Trade or Business is required.

 

Relatively Inexpensive

Since the compliance requirements are very minimal, sole proprietorship firms are inexpensive to maintain until the turnover of the company reaches a certain turnover in business

 

Minimal Compliance

Compliance requirement in a proprietorship firm is very minimal as there is no mandatory audit requirement or any requirement to file forms with MCA or any other authorities.

 

No Minimum Capital Requirement

Essentially there is no minimum capital requirement to start the business as a Sole Proprietor. One can start doing business with any amount of money. 



Business/Trade Name

Proprietorship firms have no restriction in terms of choosing the name for the firm as long as there is no violation of someone else’s intellectual property and does not require approval from any authorities.

 

Slab based Tax Rates

Taxation in a proprietorship firm is as per the individual’s taxation rules. It is slab based and is taxed in the name of the proprietor itself. Business income is also taxed at personal tax rates.

When to Consider a Proprietorship firm?

One can opt for starting a Proprietorship firm:

  • If you are planning to start a business alone
  • If the business you plan to conduct does not carry any substantial risk
  • If you are a freelancer or an individual consultant
  • If you want to start the business quickly and do not want any legal compliance burden
  • If you want to test the market before plunging into full time
  • If you want complete control of your business and do not want any partners

Few Major Disadvantages of Sole Proprietorship Business in India

  • Client credibility could be low as winding up is simple and quick and can happen overnight.
  • It is not a separate legal entity.
  • Cannot issue shares or have partners in a sole proprietorship firm.
  • Liability is unlimited and proprietor’s personal assets can be attached in case of any default.
  • A sole proprietorship firm ceases to exist in the event of death or incapability of the proprietor.

List of Documents Required for Registration of a Sole Proprietorship Firm in India

  1. PAN Card of the Proprietor
  2. ID Proof of the proprietor- Voter’s ID / Passport / Driving License / Aadhaar
  3. Passport Size Photograph
  4. Address Proof of the Premises:
    • Rental agreement or Lease agreement if the premise is rented/leased
    • Latest tax paid receipt / Sale deed if the premise is owned by any of the Directors
  5. Latest Electricity bill / Telephone bill / Gas Connection bill
  6. NOC from the owner of the premise

Timeline – How long does it take to register a Sole Proprietorship firm in India

Based on the nature of statutory registration (like GST, MSME, etc) it normally takes anywhere between 5-10 working days. However, this timeline is further subject to Government processing, approval time, public holidays, etc.

 

Sole Proprietorship Registration Fees / Cost in India

A MSME registration would cost you Rs. 1,000, GST registration would cost you Rs. 2,500.

Feel free to get in touch with us. Our Business Expert will guide you with the proper form of entity, suitable for your needs.

FAQs for Private Limited Company Registration in India

What is a Proprietorship Firm?

A proprietorship firm is the simplest form of business organization where a single individual owns and operates the business. The owner is solely responsible for all aspects of the business.

 

Is there a legal registration requirement for a proprietorship firm?

There is nothing called proprietorship registration, any statutory registration such as GST or Shops and Establishments or Professional tax registration will suffice. 

 

What are the advantages of a proprietorship firm?

Advantages include ease of formation, complete control by the owner, minimal compliance requirements, slab based taxation and direct decision-making.

 

What is the liability of the owner in a proprietorship firm?

The owner has unlimited liability, meaning they are personally responsible for all debts and obligations of the business. Personal assets can be used to settle business liabilities.

 

Can a proprietorship firm have employees?

Yes, a proprietorship can employ workers to assist in running the business. The owner is responsible for managing the employees and their obligations.

 

Can a proprietorship firm be converted into another business structure?

No, a proprietorship firm cannot be converted into other forms of business structures.

 

Is a proprietorship firm a separate legal entity?

In most jurisdictions, a proprietorship firm is not considered a separate legal entity from the owner. The business and personal assets of the owner are not distinct.

 

What are the disadvantages of a proprietorship firm?

Disadvantages include unlimited liability, limited access to capital, lack of continuity (as it is tied to the owner), and cannot seek investments.

 

Can a proprietorship firm raise funds through external sources?

It is not possible for a proprietorship firm to raise significant external funds 

 

Is a separate bank account required for a proprietorship firm?

It’s advisable to have a separate bank account for business transactions to maintain clarity.

 

What are the tax implications for a proprietorship firm?

Taxation depends on the Proprietor’s tax regime and is slab based

 

Is there a need to prepare formal financial statements for a proprietorship firm?

While not always mandatory until a certain revenue threshold, maintaining proper financial records is recommended for tracking business performance and ensuring compliance with tax regulations.

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